3213 CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY. Prerequisites: 1103 and 1114. An intermediate course in human geography that focusses on the historical development, visual character, representation, and continuing evolution of the Earth's humanized or cultural landscapes. Special attention is paid to the relationship between those cultural landscapes and the people who have created them as well as to the relationship between those landscapes and such fundamental ideas as religion, the state and material progress. Local fieldwork may be required.

3223 THE BRITISH EMPIRE AND ITS SUCCESSOR STATES. An introduction to the British colonial experience and to post-imperial development, particularly in Asia and Africa.

3253 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION. Contemporary environmental issues and policies. Problems of population growth, food production, energy shortages, resource depletion and pollution impacts will be stressed. The social aspects of conservation management policies will be viewed at both global and national scales.

3353 INTRODUCTION OF CARTOGRAPHY. A basic survey of maps: their properties, conception and design, construction, compilation and editing, production, and use, with exercises in mapmaking.

3513 POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY. A survey of current geopolitical conflicts and of the principles developed by geographers analyzing them. The geographical bases of the nation-state are discussed, including territoriality. Special topics include the legacies of colonialism, spheres of political influence, regional conflicts, political-geographical integration in such areas as Europe and the Pacific Rim, demographic and resource considerations in world politics, and emerging culturally based conflicts.

3533 GEOGRAPHY OF EUROPE. A regional survey of Europe's natural and cultural landscapes, with special attention to recent political, economic and social changes in East and Central Europe. Emphasis is placed on con-temporary issues such as an aging population, rural crises in the West and food for democracy in the East, energy conservation, inner-city revival, mass transportation systems, survival strategies of family-operated small industries, tourist cultures, minorities, and urban poverty. Comparisons are made with the United States.

3563 GEOGRAPHY OF NATURAL RESOURCES. Definition and evaluation of mineral, agricultural, forest, and water resources, including their variation over time, between cultures, and as affected by technological innovation. Emphasis is placed on the distribution, technologies, institutions, and landscapes of natural resources in modern economics.

3613 GEOGRAPHY OF OKLAHOMA. A study of the physical regions, population, distribution, economic development and recreational resources of Oklahoma.

G3633 HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE UNITED STATES. America's changing geography is considered under 3 headings: The Colonial Pattern, The Humid East, and the Dry West. Special attention is given to those human activities that have shaped successive cultural landscapes and to those patterns which persist to give present day regions their distinctive character.

3773 NATURAL RESOURCES OF THE UNITES STATES. Natural resource patterns of the U.S. and the factors involved in their evaluation & exploitation. Includes the study of land, climatic, water, mineral, energy & forest resources. Trends and changes through time in resource evaluation and utilization and the interrelationships among the elements of the natural resource base.

3853 GEOGRAPHY OF AFRICA. A survey of Africa's environment and of the nature of their development under indigenous, colonial, and post-colonial regimes. Special attention is paid to recent droughts and their consequences, to migration and rural-urban interactions, and to idealogy, economic planning, and project and program evaluation.

3890 SELECTED STUDIES IN GEOGRAPHY. 1 to 3 hours. Prerequisite: permission of instructor. May be repeated with change of subject matter; maximum credit 9 hours. To be used for special intersession courses and occasional (irregularly scheduled) courses of special concern and use for the undergraduate.

G3924 ANALYTIC METHODS IN GEOGRAPHY. Introduces students to methods of organizing, classifying & describing geographic data, together with methods of interpreting spatial relationships and area associations.

3930 FIELD TECHNIQUES FOR GEOGRAPHERS. 1 to 4 hours. Prerequisite: 12 hours of Geography. Basic methods of data acquisition: surveying, measuring, sampling, sketching, and mapping. Individual and group projects may be required.

3933 INTERPRETATION OF AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS. Prerequisite: 1114 or permission. An introduction to the photographic inventory of physical and cultural land resources, including current processes of change, and to the use of aerial photographs in evaluating present land use, potential alternatives, and associated risks.

3960 HONORS READING. 1 to 3 hours. Prerequisite: admission to Honors Program. May be repeated; maximum credit 6 hours. Will consist of topics designated by the instructor in keeping with the student's major program. The topics will cover materials not usually presented in the regular coursework.

3970 HONORS SEMINAR. 1 to 3 hours. Prerequisite: admission to Honors Program. May be repeated; maximum credit 6 hours. The projects covered will vary. The content will deal with concepts not usually presented in regular coursework.

3980 HONORS RESEARCH. 1 to 3 hours. Prerequisite: admission to Honors Program. May be repeated; maximum credit 6 hours. Will provide opportunity for gifted honors candidate to work at a special project in the student's field.

G4113 URBAN GEOGRAPHY: BASIC CONCEPTS. Prerequisite: 6 hours of geography or, for non-majors, permission. A geographical analysis of urban center, from villages to metropolitan complexes, with a focus on basic concepts of urban systems, in internal structure of cities and urban activities.

G4200 INTERNSHIP IN GEOGRAPHY. 1 to 6 hours. Prerequisite: 16 hours of geography and senior standing. Provides career training experience whereby students may apply geographical skills and develop further professional capabilities in a realistic setting. Students will be assigned to particular business firms, governmental agencies and educational institutions on an individual basis.

G4203 GEOMORPHOLOGY. Development and modification of land-surface form by atmospheric, fluvial, glacial, mass-wasting, volcanic, and tectonic agents. Emphasis is placed on the spatial aspects of the interactions at the interfaces of land, air, and water.

G4223 LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT. Prerequisite: Marketing 3013, Economics 2843. The physical supply and the distribution function in business management, including channel selection, transportation, facility location and materials management; concentrates on the analytical and managerial methods necessary for the development and control of an integrated logistics system.

G4233 LANDFORM REGIONS OF THE NORTH AMERICA. Prerequisite: 4203. Concerned with the spatial aspects of landform and uses the landform regions of North America to study these aspects. The scale of investigation is largely macro in resolution; interrelationships with other physical geographic phenomenon at the macroscale level are emphasized.

G4243 GEOGRAPHY OF CHINA. Prerequisite: junior standing or permission of instructor. Cultural and environmental geography of China, Tibet and Mongolia since the Qing dynasty (1644-today). No student may earn credit for both 4243 and 5243

4253 GEOGRAPHY OF LATIN AMERICA. A thematic survey of the forces influencing geographic change in Middle and South America. Topics include the imposition and legacy of colonialism, the formation of cultural and ethnic identities, resource extraction and conservation, nation-building, economic development, and tourism

G4273 REGIONAL CLIMATOLOGY. Prerequisite: 1114, 4263 or permission. Deals primarily with the classification of climates and the description and analysis of the climate regions of the continents. It also affords some attention to the availability and reliability of instrumental records and the tabulation and analysis of climate data, including machine data processing methods.

4283 BIOGEOGRAPHY (Slashlisted with 5283). Prerequisite: 1114 and junior standing, or permission. A survey of spatial patterns and processes in plant populations, plant communities, and vegetated landscapes. Emphasis is placed on the contemporary patterns of species and communities as determined by a combination of factors, including physiography, climate, human influences, evolution, and dispersal. Field and laboratory techniques used in biogeographic research are also discussed.

4343 Global Climate Change (Slashlisted with 5343). Prerequisite: 1114, 4273, and Meteorology 1004 or 1014; or permission of instructor. An integrated examination of the scientific and social aspects of climate change in the past, present, and future. The nature and causes of past climate change are discussed in relation to techniques of climate reconstruction providing a perspective on the potential changes in the future. No student may earn credit for both 4343 and 5343. 

4353 ADVANCED CARTOGRAPHY (Slash-listed with 5353). Prerequisite: 3353 or permission of instructor. Hardware and software requirements of computer mapping systems, digital cartographic data structures, cartographic modeling, and map production in computer environments. A highly analytical approach is used to help students understand and become skilled in state-of-the-art computer mapping processes and in related aspects of geographic information systems and their use in geographic analysis.

4453 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (Slashlisted with 5453). Prerequisite: 3353 or permission of instructor. An introduction to the nature and application of geographic information systems (GIS), including the categories of geographic data, data input, data models, spatial analysis, output, and the uses of GIS in socio-economic and environmental studies.

4463 SATELLITE CLIMATOLOGY (Slashlisted with 5463). The use of satellites to study the present climate, including the history of satellites, descriptions of algorithms used to obtain climate variables from received radiance, and the data analysis techniques used in biogeographic research are also discussed.

4563 AMERICAN INDIAN GEOGRAPHIES. Prerequisite: Upper division standing. A survey of geographic distribution of cultural characteristics and issues among indigenous North Americans. Application of geographic concepts (e.g. region, diffusion, human-environment relations, landscapes, geosophy) to spatial patterns of population, European contact, migration, environmental perception, settlement, land tenure, sacred concepts of environment, organization, etc. Emphasis on cross-cultural understanding.

4593 ENVIRONMENTALISM. Prerequisite: 3253 or permission. Environmentalism as a social and intellectual movement in America, with special attention to environmental thought and ideology from romantic preservationism through utilitarian conservation to the contemporary debate over deep ecology; to the development of the conservation organizations, their leadership and accomplishments; and to landmark issues in the environmental movement and their social impact.

G4633 GEOGRAPHY OF RUSSIA AND THE CIS. Prerequisite: 6 hours of geography or permission. A general survey of the physical and human geography of the former Soviet Union. Topics covered include the spread of Russian settlement, territorial growth of the Russian state, physical environment, cultural diversity, natural resources, economic development and geopolitical problems.

G4933 REMOTE SENSING I. Introduction to theory and interpretation of remote sensing imagery, with emphasis on photographic, multi-spectral, thermal, and microwave remote sensing systems. Imagery from aircraft, satellite and low-altitude platforms will be used to illustrate geographic and environmental applications of remote sensing.

4953 PROSEMINAR IN GEOGRAPHY. Prerequisite: 1103, 1114, 1213, >3213, 3353, 3924 and an upper-division physical course. 3353 and 3924 may be taken concurrently, with the instructor's approval. History and character of the discipline of Geography, with particular attention to changing themes, debates, and methods, to the discipline's relations with its neighbors, and to current trends in the discipline. Students will conduct an original research project. (The capstone course in Geography; chiefly for undergraduate majors.

4990 INDEPENDENT STUDY. 1 to 3 hours. Prerequisite: 3 courses in general are to be studied; permission of instructor and department. May be repeated; maximum credit 6 hours. Contracted independent study for topics not currently offered in regularly scheduled courses. Independent study may include library and/or laboratory research and field projects.